Moscow - The ceasefire between Russia and Georgia has not
calmed down the Caucasus. While inhabitants of Georgia's separatist
enclaves Abkhazia and South Ossetia celebrate formal recognition by
Russia as independent nations, hardly a day goes by without bloodshed
in Russia's North Caucasus regions Ingushetia and Dagestan.
Since the shooting dead in August of Ingush opposition journalist
Magomed Yevloyev, calls to break away from Russia have grown louder
in Ingushetia. Russian media report that even in hitherto tranquil
Russian regions such as Tatarstan and Bashkiria, Muslim separatists
have become more independence-minded of late.
For years, Russia's leaders have sought to quell separatist
tendencies by what they describe as 'isolated extremists.' The
lengths to which the Kremlin is prepared to go is best illustrated by
restive Chechnya, battered into submission by two wars since 1994.
A declaration addressed to the Council of Europe by Russian human
rights activists said that 'the situation in the North Caucasus
republics has became greatly more agitated since the war [between
Russia and Georgia] in the South Caucasus.'
Lyudmila Alekseyeva, head of the Moscow Helsinki Group, and the
document's other signatories are warning of a further escalation.
Islamist groups have vowed to avenge Yevloyev, who died of a
gunshot wound to the head while in a police car. Opposition activists
in Ingushetia accuse Ingush President Murat Zyazikov of 'political
murder' and demand that the ex-KGB general be removed from office.
Zyazikov's cousin was shot and killed shortly after Yevloyev's death.
Alekseyeva said that North Caucasus leaders, hand-picked by the
Kremlin, were using raw violence to suppress opposition in the
region. Pointing to the numerous killings in recent years, Ingush
opposition activist Magomet Khasbiyev has accused the authorities of
'genocide' - echoing the Kremlin, which said it had invaded Georgia
to stop Georgians' 'genocide' against South Ossetians.
People in North Caucasus regions other than Ingushetia also feel
threatened by Moscow authorities, including in Kabardino-Balkaria,
Karachai-Cherkessia, and North Ossetia.
Conflicts in the Caucasus - the multiethnic region between the
Black and Caspian seas - have historically been fueled by territorial
disputes, the Islamic faith, and deep-seated resistance to Russian
domination.
'We must ask Europe or the US to separate us from Russia. If we
aren't acceptable to this country, we don't know what else we should
do,' Khasbiyev told the liberal Moscow radio station Ekho Moskvy.
Moscow reinforced its military presence in the North Caucasus last
year to deal with the 500 to 700 rebels thought to operate there.
Yevloyev, on his website www.ingushetiya.ru, had repeatedly decried
the brutality of Russian police and soldiers, and accused authorities
of turning a blind eye to the abduction, torture, and murder of
innocent people.
Reports by the Russian human rights group Memorial have detailed
the violence suffered by dozens of people in the region.
Moscow is keeping an ever warier eye on the volatile situation.
The danger of terrorist attacks by Islamists anywhere in the country
has not passed since the wars in Chechnya.
According to Alexander Bastrykin, chief investigator in Russia's
prosecutor general's office, so far this year about 40 soldiers and
police officers have been killed in Ingushetia alone, not to mention
the dozens of rebels who are often 'wiped out' - to use the official
jargon - in large numbers in armed encounters.
Following Moscow's formal recognition of Abkhazia and South
Ossetia's independence, Georgian Justice Minister Nika Gvaramia
warned Russia that it could break up as a result. 'I'm certain that
separatism will lead to Russia's complete collapse,' he said.
The response by Russian President Dmitri Medvedev was pointedly
unconcerned: 'I do not see any such danger so long as people abroad
do not meddle in these issues, thinking up various scenarios for
dismembering Russia.'
Your Talkback on this Story